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We’ve written a detailed guide on how to import and export a PFX file in Microsoft IIS (Internet Information Services).
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To convert an X.509 certificate into PEM, use the OpenSSL utility and the following command line:
openssl x509 -in certificatename.cer -outform PEM -out certificatename.pem
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The PKCS#12 or PFX format contains the certificates(S) and the private key. This format stores the private key and the associated certificate in a single encrypted file.
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Open your SSL file with any text editor. If you see the label “—–BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–” at the beginning of the certificate file and “—–END CERTIFICATE—–” at the end of the file, then the certificate is in PEM format. If the certificate is in DER format, it will not contain these labels and will instead be a binary file.
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To create an SSL certificate in PEM format on Linux, you can use the OpenSSL toolkit and its command lines. Once you’ve received the SSL certificate from the CA, you can create the PEM format file by concatenating the private key and the SSL certificate together in a single file using the following command:
cat private.key your_ssl_certificate.crt > your_ssl_certificate.pem
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Apache uses the PEM certificate format with .cer .crt and .key file extensions.
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The file extension used for an exported certificate backup file varies depending on the format and type of the certificate. The most common certificate backup files are .p12 and .pfx (Windows systems), .cer and .crt, and .key for backing up the private key.
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The SSL certificate cost varies depending on the validation type and the Certificate Authority (CA) that issues it. Generally, a Domain Validation (DV) SSL certificate can cost as low as $10-15 per year, while a more advanced Extended Validation (EV) SSL one can cost several hundred dollars. SSL cert costs roughly $60 per year, but you shouldn’t worry about the average. We offer affordable SSL certificates for any budget and needs.
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SSL certificates cost money because they are issued by trusted third-party organizations called Certificate Authorities. These entities verify the website’s owner identity and maintain strict security standards and infrastructure to ensure the integrity and authenticity of the SSL certs they issue. On top of that, CAs keep track of certificate revocations and offer robust customer support. All these processes require financial and human resources, which are ultimately reflected in the price.
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Not all SSL certificates cost money. Some public Certificate Authorities issue free SSL certificates destined for entry-level sites and static content. A free SSL certificate verifies domain ownership only and can’t protect multiple websites under a single SSL installation. It isn’t suitable for officially registered businesses, e-commerce platforms, non-profit organizations, and financial institutions.
On the other hand, paid SSL certificates offer all three validation levels and secure anything from a basic website to public IPs and multi-network sites.
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